[Epidemiological characteristics of human respiratory syncytial virus in Guangdong Province from 2023 to 2024].

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) infection in acute respiratory infection (ARI) cases in Guangdong Province from 2023 to 2024. Methods: From August 2023 to July 2024, 16 414 ARI cases in Guangdong Province were selected as the research subjects. The demographic characteristics of the subjects were collected, and multiplex respiratory pathogen detection kits were used to conduct multi-pathogen nucleic acid testing. The HRSV infection status of cases with different characteristics was analyzed and compared. Results: The M (Q₁, Q₃) of age of ARI cases was 16 (5, 38) years old, including 8 906 males, accounting for 54.3%. The total positive rate of HRSV in ARI cases was 2.46% (404/16 414), with positive rates of 2.64% (235/8 906) in males and 2.25% (169/7 508) in females, showing no statistically significant difference (P=0.110). The highest positive rate of HRSV was found in cases under two years old [7.88% (103/1 307)], and the positive rate decreased with age (P<0.001). The positive rates of HRSV in ILI and SARI cases were 2.37% (261/11 011) and 2.65% (143/5 403), respectively. The positive rate of HRSV in SARI cases under two years old was 11.40% (53/465), which was higher than that in ILI cases [5.94% (50/842)] (P<0.001). The peak detection periods of HRSV were in August 2023 and April 2024. The A subtype was predominant in 2023, but the B subtype became dominant in 2024. Conclusion: Infants and young children under two years old are the high-risk group for HRSV infection, with the peak periods in spring and summer. From 2023 to 2024, the dominant subtype of HRSV shifts from the A subtype to the B subtype.