Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) for refractory epilepsy due to focal cortical dysplasia in an infant

We present the case of an infant female with refractory epilepsy caused by focal cortical dysplasia in the left deep parietal lobe. Despite trials of multiple anti-seizure medications, seizure frequency remained high, prompting the use of laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT). The patient underwent 2 LITT procedures at 6 and 12 months of age, achieving seizure freedom following the second procedure. This case highlights the precise trajectory planning and secure laser fixation during both procedures. It demonstrates the potential of LITT as a minimally invasive and effective intervention for medically refractory epilepsy in infants, a population with limited treatment options. The patient’s developmental progress following seizure control further highlighted the importance of early intervention in preserving neurological function. This case represents a significant step forward in better understanding LITT for paediatric epilepsy, particularly in infants under 2 years old.