Oxygen vacancy-enriched SnO 2 /NiO n–p heterointerfaces for high-efficiency oxygen evolution reaction catalysis

Raman spectroscopic analysis reveals that the strategic construction of the n-p heterojunction not only dramatically facilitates the surface reconstruction of NiO to yield authentic NiOOH active species, but also substantially lowers the formation energy barrier for oxygen-containing intermediates during the OER, thereby markedly enhancing the overall catalytic efficiency of the reaction. The demonstrated interface engineering strategy with an n-p heterojunction provides a generalized design paradigm for overcoming mass transport limitations in high-rate gas evolution electrocatalysis.