Application of MOFs driven by various energy sources for degradation the organic pollutants in water: A review

The removal of organic pollutants from water is a major challenge due to the ineffectiveness of traditional methods and the high level of hazard associated with these pollutants. As a result, researchers have proposed various approaches to address this issue, with particular attention being paid to the use of different energy sources for the synergistic degradation of organic pollutants. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as a promising solution due to their affordability, non-toxicity and unique porous structure, which makes them highly versatile in numerous applications. Recent studies have shown that MOFs can be used to degrade organic pollutants using various energy sources. This review discusses the use of MOFs to degrade organic pollutants using light, electrical, mechanical energy, hydrogen, microwaves, electron beams and gamma rays. The performance of MOFs in each energy source is compared, and the progress of research into the catalytic degradation of organic pollutants by MOFs in the absence of external energy is detailed. Finally, this review presents the prospective application of MOFs in different energy synergies. This review aims to provide researchers with valuable insights and ideas on the use of MOFs in conjunction with various energy sources for the effective removal of organic pollutants from water.