Facile hydrothermal synthesis of vanadium disulfide nanomaterial for supercapacitor application

Vanadium disulfide (VS₂) is a prominent metallic member of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) family and has already demonstrated its flair in energy storage device applications such as supercapacitors and batteries. In this work, we have synthesized hexagonal shape VS₂ nanomaterial using a facile one step hydrothermal route and investigated the phase, morphology and structural properties of the material. The formation of phase has been confirmed from the X-ray diffraction (XRD) plot by correlating with the database of Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards (JCPDS) 00-036-1139 of 1T VS₂. Further, the crystalline behavior of VS₂ nanomaterial can be seen from the high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) measurement. Moreover, the morphology of the synthesized material is obtained from the field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM). Also, the characteristic Raman peaks of 1T VS₂ at 140.3 cm^-1 and 192.3 cm^-1 have been observed from the Raman spectrum indicating the metallic behavior of synthesized material. The peak at 281.8 cm^-1 is attributed to the in-plane vibrational mode (E_2g ¹) while the peak at 404.5 cm^-1 represents the out-of-plane vibrational mode (A1g) of V-S bond. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum shows the V-S-V and V=S vibrational modes around 534 cm_-1 and 982 cm^-1 respectively. The study introduces a low cost, large scale, highly crystalline, and metallic VS₂ nanomaterial with potential application for next generation supercapacitors and other energy storage devices.