The impacts and interventions of land use on travel behavior: sprawl, built environment, and land-use controls

There is a vast literature on the impacts of land use on travel behavior outcomes. However, the historical evolution of this relationship - between land use and transportation - makes teasing out the pathways from land use to travel behavior challenging. In this chapter, we first explore the historical relationship between transportation technology innovations and the impacts on land use. We then examine why the impacted land-use patterns - namely sprawl - affect both travel behavior and societal outcomes. Following this, we summarize a heavily studied area of literature aimed at quantifying the relationship between disaggregate measures of the built environment on behavior. We then examine more closely the mechanism for land-use controls aimed at improving travel outcomes. Finally, we conclude with innovations and trends in technologies that might impact the travel responses to land use (such as telecommuting or mobility-as-a-service technologies).