Reducing Cardiometabolic Diseases Risk dietary pattern in the Chinese population with dyslipidemia: a single-center, open-label, randomized, dietary intervention study

There is no specific dietary pattern for cardiometabolic health based on Chinese food culture. The study aimed to develop and assess the efficacy of the Reducing Cardiometabolic Diseases Risk (RCMDR) dietary pattern on cardiometabolic risk in the Chinese population with dyslipidemia. In this single-center, open-label, randomized, 12-week dietary intervention study, 100 adults aged 35-45 years with dyslipidemia were randomized (1:1) to the RCMDR dietary pattern intervention or general health education control group. Compared with the control group, the RCMDR dietary pattern intervention resulted in a significantly lower clustered cardiometabolic risk score (primary outcome) (β = -0.17; 95% CI -0.29, -0.05); diastolic blood pressure (β = -0.23, 95% CI -0.40, -0.07); total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride (β = -0.27; 95% CI -0.49, -0.04; β = -0.24; 95% CI -0.41, -0.07; β = -0.19; 95% CI -0.35, -0.04); homocysteine (Hcy) (β =-0.19, 95% CI -0.28, -0.09); waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat percentage, body fat mass, visceral adipose tissue, visceral fat area, and a significantly higher lean body mass (β = -1.12; 95% CI -1.65, -0.59; β = -1.01; 95% CI -1.66, -0.36; β = -1.43; 95% CI -1.87, -0.98; β = -0.98; 95% CI -1.35, -0.60; β = -1.93; 95% CI -2.75, -1.11; β =-6.52; 95% CI -9.10, -3.95; β = 1.24; 95% CI 0.84, 1.65). Compared to the control group, the RCMDR dietary pattern intervention lowered cardiometabolic risk, blood lipids, blood pressure, abdominal obesity and circulating Hcy level among Chinese population with dyslipidemia. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2300072472), https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=198618.