Third Wave for Peptide Synthesis: Liquid-phase Peptide Synthesis (LPPS)

Liquid-phase peptide synthesis (LPPS) is considered as the third wave for peptide synthesis, and combines the advantages of classical solution peptide synthesis (CSPS) and solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). In LPPS, the peptide is loaded on a soluble support and elongation is carried out in solution, thereby rendering characteristic properties. LPPS protocols align well with the 12 principles of green chemistry, which allows the large-scale production of peptides and reduces the use of excess reagents and solvents. In this chapter, tags associated with LPPS for industrial-scale peptide synthesis are discussed under the following categories: membrane-enhanced peptide synthesis (MEPS), group-assisted purification (GAP), PolyCarbon, silicon-based tags, and miscellaneous.