Residue behaviors, processing factors and transfer rates of pesticides and metabolites in rose from cultivation to consumption

The presence of pesticide residues in rose makes it necessary to pay special attention to the proper cultivation to consumption. In this study, the inherent regularity of residue behaviors, processing factors and transfer rates of pesticides and potential metabolites during rose planting, drying and brewing was researched. The half-lives in the bud, corolla and leaf were 0.5–2.9, 0.3–1.7 and 2.6–25.9 d, respectively. Residues were more distributed in leaf, followed by corolla, bud and root. Systemic pesticides could appear in the root 1 day after application, and non-systemic pesticides were not detected in the root. The effect of sun and oven drying (80 °C) was more significant in promoting the degradation of cyazofamid, bifenazate, thiamethoxam and imidacloprid. The processing factors (PFs) of other pesticides were > 1. Our results showed that the transfer rate of residues during brewing was negatively correlated exponentially with Log Kow and positively logarithmically correlated with melting point and water solubility. The transfer rate of residues and antioxidant capacity in infusion were significantly affected by different brewing conditions.