The Fate of Fluopyram in the Soil–Water–Plant Ecosystem: A Review

This review aims to discuss all likely pathways of the environmental fate of fluopyram to enable a better understanding of the probable ecological risks associated with its agricultural usage. The fluopyram is a broad-spectrum molecule to control various fungal plant pathogens as well as nematodes. It belongs to a new chemical class named ‘pyridinyl ethylbenzamides’. The literature review has shown that the sorption–desorption, degradation and leaching of fluopyram differed among the soil types, and much is still to be studied concerning the fate of fluopyram in different types of the soil environment. Indeed, research suggests that the high persistent behaviour of fluopyram particularly in soil and water/sediment environment can present environmental risks. Hence, with a foreseen widespread and substantial use of fluopyram, it would be indeed crucial to assess the possible environmental risks due to injudicious usage of fluopyram.