Na+ inserted metal-organic framework for rapid therapy of bacteria-infected osteomyelitis through microwave strengthened Fenton reaction and thermal effects

The poor penetration ability of light in tissues makes phototherapy be difficult to treat bacteria-induced osteomyelitis effectively. Herein, we developed a rapid and noninvasive therapeutic strategy by employing Prussian blue (PB) as a microwave-responsive material. The PB was excited by microwave through dielectric loss of PB and the changed spin state of iron ions, which led to the heat generation and then weakened the bond energy of Fe II‒(CN) and Fe III‒(NC) in physiological saline. At the same time, the insertion of Na+ in PB made the bond energy become irreversible, which accelerated the release of Fe2+ and Fe3+ from PB. The released Fe2+ and Fe3+ could be easy to penetrate bacterial membrane with reduced permeability by microwave to react with H2O2 and GSH in the inside of bacteria, leading to the final death of the bacteria due to the synergistic action of microwave, microwave thermal effect and Fe2+/Fe3+ induced Fenton reaction/GSH consumption. This study will provide novel insight for designing remote and noninvasive antibacterial systems for treating deep bacteria-infected diseases.