嗜睡
二十碳五烯酸
多不饱和脂肪酸
重性抑郁障碍
六烯酸
注意缺陷多动障碍
医学
精神科
自闭症谱系障碍
随机对照试验
儿科
内科学
心理学
饮食失调
自闭症
神经性厌食
脂肪酸
认知
生物
生物化学
作者
Jane Pei-Chen Chang,Kuan-Pin Su
出处
期刊:Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology
[Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology]
日期:2020-11-30
卷期号:18 (4): 469-483
被引量:22
标识
DOI:10.9758/cpn.2020.18.4.469
摘要
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (or omega-3 PUFAs, n-3 PUFAs) are essential nutrients throughout the life span. Recent studies have shown the importance of n-3 PUFAs supplementation during prenatal and perinatal period as a potential protective factor of neurodevelopmental disorders. N-3 PUFAs have been reported to be lower in youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). N-3 PUFAs supplementation has shown potential effects in the improvement of clinical symptoms in youth with ADHD, ASD, and MDD, especially those with high inflammation or a low baseline n-3 index. Moreover, it has been suggested that n-3 PUFAs had positive effects on lethargy and hyperactivity symptoms in ASD. For clinical application, the following dosage and duration are recommended in youth according to available randomized controlled trials and systemic literature review: (1) ADHD: a combination of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ≥ 750 mg/d, and a higher dose of EPA (1,200 mg/d) for those with inflammation or allergic diseases for duration of 16-24 weeks; (2) MDD: a combination of a EPA + DHA of 1,000-2,000 mg/d, with EPA:DHA ratio of 2 to 1, for 12-16 weeks; (3) ASD: a combination of EPA + DHA of 1,300-1,500 mg/d for 16-24 weeks as add-on therapy to target lethargy and hyperactivity symptoms. The current review also suggested that n-3 index and inflammation may be potential treatment response markers for youth, especially in ADHD and MDD, receiving n-3 PUFA.
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