Long-Term Intraocular Pressure Changes after Pars Plana Vitrectomy

Purpose: To investigate the long-term changes of intraocular pressure (IOP) after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Methods: This was a retrospective historical cohort study. Patients with a history of vitrectomy in one eye by a single surgeon were enrolled. IOP of the operated eye was compared to the fellow eye. Previous scleral buckling, IOP rise due to surgical/anatomic complications, silicone oil (SO) emulsification, and contralateral ocular hypertension/glaucoma at recruitment were exclusion criteria. “Significant IOP rise” (>6.0 mmHg) and development of open angle glaucoma (OAG) were the main outcome measures. Results: Two hundred and twenty-five eyes were included. Mean and median follow-up duration were 20.6 and 9.0 months, respectively. Mean baseline IOP and mean final IOP were 13.53 ± 3.75 mmHg and 16.52 ± 6.95 mmHg, respectively ( P < 0.001). Forty-three patients developed “significant IOP rise” with no statistically significant relation to the indication of vitrectomy, the postoperative lens status, and number of vitrectomies ( P = 0.410, P = 0.900, and P = 0.160, respectively). SO injection raised the probability of IOP rise in the long-term ( P = 0.028). OAG occurred in 17 patients (7.5%) with no association to SO tamponade ( P = 0.840). “Significant IOP rise” and OAG occurred in 3 and 1 control eyes, respectively, significantly lower than the rates in study eyes ( P < 0.001). Conclusion: Mean IOP slightly rose in the long-term after PPV. SO tamponade was associated with IOP rise in the long-term but not with the incidence of OAG. Both IOP rise and OAG were more probable after vitrectomy.