Efficient Sb 2 (S,Se) 3 Solar Modules Enabled by Hydrothermal Deposition

Antimony selenosulfide (Sb2(S,Se)3) is a promising solar absorber due to the excellent stability and suitable photovoltaic parameters. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) has overcome 10% in lab scale. In terms of practical applications, the efficiency should be further improved and the suitable scalable fabrication approach should also be established. Herein, a large-area fabrication of Sb2(S,Se)3 solar cell by hydrothermal deposition is demonstrated. It is found that this approach is able to generate Sb2(S,Se)3 film with high uniformity with regard to both the chemical composition and surface morphology. Taking advantage of laser scribing technology, series connected antimony selenosulfide monolithic integrated photovoltaic modules are obtained. The prepared solar cell achieved PCE of 7.43%, with an active area of 15.66 cm2, which is the highest efficiency at module scale. A convenient approach for the fabrication of large-area series-connected Sb2(S,Se)3 solar cells is offered.