Mantle Diapirs and Sedimentary Basins Formation and Evolution. Case Study of the Pre-Caspian Depression and Sedimentary Basins of Brazil

The origin and evolution of sedimentary basin could be a clue for oil-gas deposits forecasting. For simulation of the basin evolution and pressure and heat flow density distribution the thermomechanical modelling was used. Data on vitrinite reflectance were used as a geot-hermometer for paleothermal reconstruction of the sedimentary basin. Thermomechanical modelling together with field investigations and wells data gives the possibility to research the geothermal field changing during the sedimentary basin evolution. All geological, geophysical and petrological data were used for sedimentary basins evolution modelling. Different sedimentological models were used for analysing of sedimentary cover formation and evolution. For simulation of sedimentary basins formation and evolution the hierarchical mechanical-mathematical multi-layer models of high-vis cous fluid were used.