Intelligent programmable mode-locked fiber laser with a human-like algorithm

Nonlinear polarization evolution-based passively mode-locked fiber lasers with ultrafast and high peak power pulses are a powerful tool for engineering applications and scientific research. However, their sensitivity to polarization limits their widespread application. To address this, automatic mode-locking immune to environmental disturbances is gaining attention. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the first intelligent programmable mode-locked fiber laser enabled by our proposed human-like algorithm, combining the human approach with machine speed, computing capability, and precision. The laser is capable of automatically locking onto multiple operation regimes, such as fundamental mode-locking, harmonic mode-locking, Q-switching, and even Q-switched mode-locking without physically altering its structure. The shortest initial mode-locking time and recovery time from detachment are only 0.22 s and 14.8 ms, respectively, which are the record values to date. We believe this intelligent laser with superior performance can find practical applications in engineering and provide infinite possibilities for scientific research.