Fullerene Reactivity – Fullerene Cations and Open‐Cage Fullerenes

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Functionalized Fullerene Cations Derivatized C60 and C70 Cations Generation of Derivatized C60 and C70 Cations as Long-lived Species Reactions via RC60+ and RC70+ Intermediates Thermodynamic Stabilities of RC60+ and RC70+ Aza[60]fullerene Cation C59N+ Generation of C59N+ Reactions via C59N+ Electrophilic Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes Open-Cage Fullerenes to Endohedral Fullerenes Synthesis of Open-Cage Fullerene Derivatives An Open-Cage Fullerene with a 14-Membered-Ring Orifice Open-Cage Fullerenes with a 12-Membered-Ring Orifice Enlargement of the Orifice by Insertion of a Sulfur Atom Enlargement of the Orifice by Reaction with Aromatic Hydrazine or Diamine Insertion of a Small Guest into Open-Cage Fullerene Derivatives Insertion of a Helium Atom and a Hydrogen Molecule Insertion of a Water Molecule Synthesis of an Endohedral Fullerene by Closure of the Orifice Summary and Conclusion Experimental: Selected Procedures Synthesis of 1-Chloro-4-dichloromethyl-1,4-dihydro[60]fullerene (12b) Synthesis of 1-Dichloromethyl-4-hydroxy-1,4-dihydro[60]fullerene (2b) Generation of Dichloromethylated [60]Fullerene Cation (3b) Synthesis of an Open-Cage Fullerene with an Eight-membered-ring Orifice (49) Synthesis of an Open-Cage Fullerene with a 12-Membered-ring Orifice (54) Synthesis of an Open-Cage Fullerene with a 13-Membered-ring Orifice (56)