NFAT公司
炎症
细胞内
炎症体
免疫系统
细胞生物学
生物
细胞内寄生虫
细胞外
受体
潮湿
免疫学
转录因子
遗传学
气象学
物理
基因
作者
Elena Adinolfi,Albrecht Giuliani,Elena De Marchi,Anna Pegoraro,Elisa Orioli,Francesco Di Virgilio
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.bcp.2017.12.021
摘要
Damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are intracellular molecules released from infected or injured cells to activate inflammatory and reparatory responses. One of the most ancient and conserved DAMPs is extracellular ATP that exerts its phlogistic activity mainly through activation of the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R). The P2X7R is an ATP gated ion channel, expressed by most immune cells, including the monocyte-derived cell lineages, T and B lymphocytes and their precursors. Here we give an overview of recent and established literature on the role of P2X7R in septic and sterile inflammation. P2X7R ability in restraining intracellular bacteria and parasite infection by modulation of the immune response are described, with particular focus on Mycobacteria and Plasmodium. Emerging literature on the role of P2X7 in viral infections such as HIV-1 is also briefly covered. Finally, we describe the numerous intracellular pathways related to inflammation and activated by the P2X7R, including the NLRP3 inflammasome, NF-kB, NFAT, GSK3β and VEGF, and discuss the involvement of P2X7R in chronic diseases. The possible therapeutic applications of P2X7R antagonists are also described.
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