Paclitaxel-poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles have the capability of targeting,and controlled,sustained release of paclitaxel. This review summarizes the current preparation,with an emphasis on surface modification of paclitaxel-PLA/ PLGA nanoparticles, and their characteristics. Future development and further improvement of paclitaxel-PLA/ PLGA nanoparticles are also discussed.