The remarkable electrorheological behavior of amino-modified metal–organic frameworks with enhanced interfacial polarization

), amino-modification not only enhances the polarization ability of MIL-125 but also induces rich porosity and irregular shape due to the asymmetry of the structure. The obtained amino-modified MIL-125 was then characterized in terms of its morphology, composition and structure, using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and dielectric analysis. The amino-modified MIL-125 retained the large specific surface area and low bulk density of the metal-organic frameworks, and achieved charge redistribution and obtained additional polarization ability through the introduction of polar groups. Ultimately, the amino-modified MIL-125 exhibits a higher level of polarization, which results in a pronounced electrorheological (ER) behavior of the ER fluids when used as the dispersed phase.