Double-layered bacterial cellulose mesh for hernia repair

There is an unmet requirement for meshes with good anti-adhesion performance while maintaining favorable tissue integration. Herein, a double-layered bacterial cellulose (BC) mesh composed of pristine nanoporous BC layer and macroporous BC layer was prepared via the combined method of step-by-step in situ biosynthesis and particulate leaching. The mechanical properties of the novel mesh meet the requirements of hernia treatment. More importantly, the nanoporous BC layer shows efficient anti-adhesion performance while the macroporous layer exhibits excellent cell spreading and proliferation. This work provides a promising mesh to simultaneously meet the competing requirements of hernia repair.