生物炭
环境修复
土壤水分
吸附
环境化学
污染
化学
浸出(土壤学)
阳离子交换容量
土壤污染
溶解
土壤pH值
离子交换
环境科学
环境工程
土壤科学
离子
热解
生态学
物理化学
有机化学
生物
作者
Yi Wu,Zongwei Wang,Yu‐Hang Yan,Yuqian Zhou,Bushra Huma,Zhongxin Tan,Tuo Zhou
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.141906
摘要
Biochar has exceeded expectations for immobilizing heavy metals (HMs), but the potential ecological risks of its long-term burial in soil limit its practical application on a large scale. To address this challenge, a novel separable water-hardened magnetic composite biochar sphere (WMBCS) was prepared and applied to remediate agricultural soils contaminated with Cd, Pb, and As. The first application of WMBCS is simultaneously effective in removing Cd (3.2–12.7%), Pb (3.3–13.1%), and As (5.0–25.6%) from soil, and the removal rates are enhanced with increasing soil moisture, application dose and incubation time. WMBCS is more efficient for removing Cd and Pb in mildly contaminated alkaline soils than in heavily contaminated acidic soils. Compared with other regeneration methods, shaking and ultrasound-assisted EDTA-2Na efficiently elutes HMs with a dissolution efficiency of over 75% within 4 h, accompanied by the lowest rate of mass loss (7.6%) and Fe leaching (475.1 mg kg−1). After 5 rounds of successive cyclic remediation, WMBCS exhibits high adsorption efficiency (26.5–30.6% for Cd, 25.4–30.2% for Pb, and 30.2–41.0% for As), magnetic separation efficiency (98.8–99.8%) and regeneration efficiency (92.3–95.4%). The main mechanisms involved in the adsorption and regeneration of WMBCS include ion exchange and chelation. WMBCS is an economical and eco-friendly material with vast unexplored potential for use in agriculture.
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