Emerging trends of 3D architectonic MXene-based flexible pressure sensors as multimodal medical devices

Wearable electronics have modernized how physiological indicators are measured, and their potential for biomedical applications has risen. The extensive deployment of flexible pressure sensors is severely constrained by the clash between high sensitivity and broad sensing range. Two-dimensional (2D) MXene, a unique class of materials, has the prospect of addressing conflicts that have hampered conventional materials. Nevertheless, the MXene-based pressure sensor rapidly hits the maximum deformation under external pressure due to its lamella structure that is prone to restack and surface functional groups. Assembling 2D MXene nanosheets to three-dimensional (3D) architectures resolves the issue and reveals exceptional mechanical properties, which is favorable for pressure sensors in health care monitoring. Recently, 3D architectonic MXene elevated the sensitivity of the pressure sensor to 128 kPa−1 in the pressure range of 0–5 kPa. In this review, the configuration of 3D MXene-based pressure sensors and their applications in healthcare monitoring (vital signs, vocal, GAIT, human motions) has been discussed. Expressly, the atomistic pattern, synthesis, attributes, and properties of the MXenes are provided. Eventually, some notable challenges in future research from basic perception to scalability, 3D composites guidelines, wearable comfort, wireless data transfer, and signal processing are proposed.