Biocompatible Graphene–Magnetite Nanohybrids for Antimicrobial Applications against Multi-Drug-Resistant Pathogens

The rise of antibiotic resistance, particularly multidrug resistance (MDR), presents a growing global health crisis. Graphene–magnetite nanohybrids (GMNHs) have garnered significant attention for their potential applications due to their biosafety and magnetic response for targeted drug delivery. This study primarily focuses on the antimicrobial properties of biocompatible GMNHs. GMNHs, synthesized with varying weight percentages (0–100%), were morphologically and structurally characterized. Their potential against a range of bacterial and fungal strains was also explored. The GMNHs exhibited notable antibacterial and antifungal activities with particular efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Statistical analysis indicates that the composition of GMNHs plays a crucial role in their antimicrobial behavior, suggesting the presence of complex interactions, with each composition displaying unique characteristics.