巨噬细胞
自噬
巨噬细胞极化
病理生理学
炎症
表型
医学
免疫学
受体
生物信息学
生物
细胞生物学
病理
内科学
体外
细胞凋亡
基因
遗传学
作者
Panagiotis Theofilis,Evangelos Oikonomou,Κonstantinos Tsioufis,Dimitris Tousoulis
摘要
Atherosclerotic diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, despite the recent diagnostic and therapeutic advances. A thorough understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms is thus essential to improve the care of affected individuals. Macrophages are crucial mediators of the atherosclerotic cascade, but their role has not been fully elucidated. The two main subtypes, tissue-resident and monocyte-derived macrophages, have distinct functions that contribute to atherosclerosis development or regression. Since polarization of macrophages to an M2 phenotype and induction of macrophage autophagy have been demonstrated to be atheroprotective, targeting these pathways could represent an appealing approach. Interestingly, macrophage receptors could act as drug targets, as seen in recent experimental studies. Last but not least, macrophage-membrane-coated carriers have been investigated with encouraging results.
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