Personality Disorders

Although personality disorder has no specific psychopathology, the problems associated with its distinction from mental state diagnoses (formerly referred to as Axis I disorders) justify its inclusion. True to the Germanic tradition of Schneider, who believed there was overlap between personality disorder and the neuroses, the ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders (ICD-10; World Health Organization, 1992) does not distinguish them either and classifies them on a single axis, whereas the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) classified personality disorder on a separate axis from mental state disorders. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) no longer uses the multiaxial classification and so personality disorders are not separated from mental state disorders.