Herbal Products‐powered Thermosensitive Hydrogel with Phototherapy and Microenvironment Reconstruction for Accelerating Multidrug‐resistant Bacteria‐infected Wound Healing

Abstract Wound healing and infection remain significant challenges due to the ineffectiveness against multidrug‐resistant (MDR) bacteria and the complex oxidative wound microenvironments. To address these issues, w e developed thymoquinone‐reinforced injectable and thermosensitive TQ@PEG–PAF–Cur hydrogels with dual functions of microenvironment reshaping and photodynamic therapy. The hydrogel comprises natural compound thymoquinone (TQ) and poly (ethylene glycol)‐ block ‐poly (alanine‐co‐phenyl alanine) copolymers (PEG–PAF) conjugated with natural photosensitizer curcumin (Cur). The incorporation of TQ and Cur reduces the sol‐to‐gel transition temperature of TQ@PEG–PAF–Cur to 30˚C, compared to PEG–PAF hydrogel (37˚C), due to the formation of strong hydrogen bonding, matching the wound microenvironment temperature. Under blue light excitation, TQ@PEG–PAF–Cur generates significant amounts of reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide, singlet oxygen, and hydroxyl radical, exhibiting rapid and efficient bactericidal capacities against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus and broad spectrum β‐lactamases Escherichia coli via photodynamic therapy (PDT). Additionally, Cur effectively inhibits the expressions of proinflammatory cytokines in skin tissue‐forming cells. As a result, the TQ@PEG–PAF–Cur hydrogel can rapidly transform into a gel to cover the wound, eliminate MDR bacteria with light irradiation, reshape the wound microenvironment, and accelerate wound healing in vivo. This collaborative antibacterial strategy provides valuable insights to guide the development of multifunctional materials for efficient wound healing. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved