任务(项目管理)
心理学
词(群论)
认知心理学
复制
变化(天文学)
编码(内存)
单词学习
语言习得
计算机科学
人工智能
发展心理学
语言学
统计
词汇
哲学
物理
数学
管理
数学教育
天体物理学
经济
作者
Chiara Gambi,Jarosław Roman Lelonkiewicz,Davide Crepaldi
摘要
Influential theories and computational models suggest error-based learning plays an important role in language acquisition: Children learn new words by generating predictions about upcoming utterances and revising those predictions when they are erroneous. Critically, revising stronger (rather than weaker) predictions should further enhance learning. Although previously demonstrated in adults, such prediction error boost has not been conclusively shown in children. To close this gap, we tested 107 participants between the ages of 5 and 10. We found little evidence that word learning in this age group benefits from a prediction error boost. Moreover, we also failed to replicate previous evidence for such an effect in adults. Based on a detailed task analysis, we suggest the variation in adult findings may be partly explained by differences in encoding strategies and that, relatedly, the protracted development of the episodic memory system might explain why children do not experience robust benefits from having stronger (rather than weaker) predictions disconfirmed.
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