Hydantoin derivative dimers as broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents against ESKAPE pathogens with enhanced killing rate and stability

) and good selectivity. Kill-kinetic studies of compound 18 showed that the bacterial growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative was completely inhibited within one hour, which demonstrated excellent sterilization efficiency of 18. Furthermore, drug resistance and mechanism studies showed that compound 18 exhibited a steady antibacterial performance during 25 passages and could disrupt bacterial cell membrane integrity and cause cell death. Along with the facile synthesis procedures in solution, this series of hydantoin derivative dimer compounds could be an appealing next generation of antibiotic agents to combat emergent drug resistance.