Recent advances in protein derived bionanocomposites for food packaging applications

This review article critically presents a comprehensive overview of the current advances in the research and development of proteins derived bionanocomposites used in food packaging applications. The recent interest in protein-based biomaterials is due to sustainability, renewability, biodegradability and low carbon footprint. The inherent drawbacks of proteins-based materials for food packaging applications are their low mechanical strength, poor thermal, barrier and inferior physicochemical properties. The nanoreinforced bio-based polymers called bionanocomposites provide an opportunity to overcome these issues and have ability to supersede non-biodegradable food packaging plastics produced from petroleum resources. So far, most studied protein derived bionanocomposites suitable for food packaging are soy protein isolates (SPI) and gelatin proteins. Layered silicates are the most promising nanofillers used to increase strength, improve heat resistance and enhance barrier properties of proteins derived materials while montmorillonites (MMT) is the most commonly used silicate nanofiller. This review emphases on the processing strategies used for proteins-based biomaterials, their mechanical and moisture barrier properties for food packaging applications. Different proteins and nanofillers that have been studied to date in proteins derived food packaging applications are also discussed in detail.