浸出(土壤学)
地表径流
地下水
地下水位
环境科学
水文学(农业)
渗透(HVAC)
Lessivage公司
流出物
浸出模型
土壤科学
土壤水分
环境工程
土壤盐分
生态学
地质学
地理
岩土工程
气象学
生物
作者
Anqiang Chen,Dan Zhang,Hongyuan Wang,Rongyang Cui,Benyamin Khoshnevisan,Shufang Guo,Panlei Wang,Hongbin Liu
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154554
摘要
Nitrogen (N) pollution originating from agricultural land is among the major threats to shallow groundwater (SG). Soil N losses due to the SG table fluctuation are neglected, although a large number of studies have been conducted to evaluate N losses through leaching and runoff. Herein, the characteristics of N losses driven by SG table fluctuation were investigated using the microcosm experiment and surveyed data from the croplands around Erhai Lake. According to the results achieved, the total N (TN) loss mainly occurred during the initial 12 days when the soil was flooded, then presented N immobilized by soil and finally, basically balanced between influent and effluent after 50 days. The results demonstrated that 1.7% of the original soil TN storage (0-100 cm) was lost. The alternation of drying and flooding could greatly increase TN loss up to 1086 kg hm-2, which was 2.72 times as much as that of continuous flooding flow. The amount of soil N losses to groundwater was closely related to the soil profile biochemical characteristics (water content, soil microbial immobilization, mineralization, nitrification, and denitrification processes). Soil N loss from crop fields driven by SG table fluctuation is 26 and 6 times of the runoff and leaching losses, respectively, while the soil N loss from the vegetable fields is 33 and 4 times of the runoff and leaching losses. The total amount of N losses from the croplands around the Erhai Lake caused by flooding of shallow groundwater (SG) in 2016 was estimated at 3506 Mg. The estimations showed that N losses would decrease by 16% if vegetables are replaced with staple food crops. These results imply that the adjustment of the planting structure was the key measure to reduce soil N storage and mitigate groundwater contamination.
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