生物
质体
基因组工程
基因组
遗传学
合成生物学
代谢工程
计算生物学
转化(遗传学)
转基因
基因
叶绿体
基因组编辑
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102185
摘要
The plastid (chloroplast) genome of seed plants represents an attractive target of metabolic pathway engineering by genetic transformation. Although the plastid genome is relatively small, it can accommodate large amounts of foreign DNA that precisely integrates via homologous recombination, and is largely excluded from pollen transmission due to the maternal mode of plastid inheritance. Since the engineering of metabolic pathways often requires the expression of multiple transgenes, the possibility to conveniently stack transgenes in synthetic operons makes the transplastomic technology particularly appealing in the area of metabolic engineering. Absence of epigenetic gene silencing mechanisms from plastids and the possibility to achieve high transgene expression levels further add to the attractiveness of plastid genome transformation. This review focuses on engineering principles and available tools for the transplastomic expression of enzymes and pathways, and highlights selected recent applications in metabolic engineering.
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