有效扩散系数
病态的
磁共振弥散成像
曲折
医学
脑组织
扩散成像
神经科学
病理
扩散
化学
磁共振成像
放射科
生物
生物医学工程
物理
有机化学
多孔性
热力学
作者
Achim Gass,Thoralf Niendorf,Jochen G. Hirsch
标识
DOI:10.1016/s0022-510x(01)00487-7
摘要
Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) of the brain has become a valuable tool for the reliable detection and diagnosis of several neurological disorders. Although DWI is in wide use in daily practice, the underlying biophysical mechanisms that contribute to changes in the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) are still under discussion. Alterations in the apparent water diffusion rate reflect pathological changes in the brain tissue state, via changes in the diffusion characteristics of the intra- and extra-cellular water compartments including restricted diffusion, water exchange across permeable boundaries, the concept of the extra-cellular tortuosity and the intra- and extra-cellular volume fraction. A reduction of the ADC has been detected in acute neurological diseases, while disease states associated with dominant acute vasogenic edema formation or chronic tissue destruction usually show elevations of the ADC. Compromise of energy metabolism is likely to contribute to a reduction of the ADC while already minor structural disintegration may contribute to elevations of the ADC.
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