乙酰丙酸
脱水
催化作用
生产(经济)
化学
工业生产
环境科学
有机化学
生物化学
经济
宏观经济学
凯恩斯经济学
作者
Samir Meramo,Karina A. Ojeda,Eduardo Sánchez-Tuirán
出处
期刊:ACS omega
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2019-12-20
卷期号:4 (27): 22302-22312
被引量:16
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsomega.9b02231
摘要
These days, there is a need to develop novel and emerging processing pathways that permit production of value-added substances and fuels considering sustainability aspects. In this sense, levulinic acid (LA) is one of the most promising biorefinery products. This paper presents environmental and safety assessments of LA production via acid-catalyzed dehydration (ACD) of biomass. The process was modeled by using Aspen Plus process simulation software based on a capacity of 132 000 tons per annum of banana rachis (main raw material). Likewise, environmental and safety assessments were developed. Parameters such as heats of reaction, explosivity, toxicity of substances, and operational conditions along with extended mass and energy balances were used to perform safety and environmental analyses. In this regard, the modeled topology showed an inherent safety index (ISI) score of 24 with an equal contribution of 12 points for both chemical inherent safety index (CIS) and process inherent safety index (PIS). ACD showed a good safety performance, with moderate concerns related to the handling of formic acid. Moreover, the waste reduction algorithm (WAR) was used to assess environmental performance and estimate potential environmental impacts (PEIs) of the simulated topology. It was performed considering four case studies to determine the influence of mass streams (case 1), product streams (case 2), energy streams (case 3), and simultaneous products and energy contribution (case 4). This analysis showed that for this process, the total inletting flow of impacts that enter was less than the amount of these that leave the system according to a generation rate of the PEI for case 1 (-1.89 × 102 PEI/h) and case 3 (-1.83 × 102 PEI/h). From the environmental viewpoint, the major concern is associated with the photochemical oxidation potential category because of the handling of volatile organic compounds through the process.
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