NMDA受体
海马体
神经科学
认知灵活性
心理学
长期抑郁
海马结构
变质塑性
谷氨酸受体
长时程增强
医学
AMPA受体
认知
受体
内科学
作者
Won‐Jung Koh,Mi-Jeong Park,Youngsub Chun,Jaekwang Lee,Hyun Soo Shim,Mingu Gordon Park,Sunpil Kim,Moonsun Sa,Jinhyeong Joo,Hyunji Kang,Soo‐Jin Oh,Junsung Woo,Hyunaee Chun,Seung Eun Lee,Jinpyo Hong,Jiguang Feng,Yulong Li,Hoon Ryu,Jeiwon Cho,C. Justin Lee
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.10.012
摘要
NMDA receptor (NMDAR) hypofunction has been implicated in several psychiatric disorders with impairment of cognitive flexibility. However, the molecular mechanism of how NMDAR hypofunction with decreased NMDAR tone causes the impairment of cognitive flexibility has been minimally understood. Furthermore, it has been unclear whether hippocampal astrocytes regulate NMDAR tone and cognitive flexibility.We employed cell type-specific genetic manipulations, ex vivo electrophysiological recordings, sniffer patch recordings, cutting-edge biosensor for norepinephrine, and behavioral assays to investigate whether astrocytes can regulate NMDAR tone by releasing D-serine and glutamate. Subsequently, we further investigated the role of NMDAR tone in heterosynaptic long-term depression, metaplasticity, and cognitive flexibility.We found that hippocampal astrocytes regulate NMDAR tone via BEST1-mediated corelease of D-serine and glutamate. Best1 knockout mice exhibited reduced NMDAR tone and impairments of homosynaptic and α1 adrenergic receptor-dependent heterosynaptic long-term depression, which leads to defects in metaplasticity and cognitive flexibility. These impairments in Best1 knockout mice can be rescued by hippocampal astrocyte-specific BEST1 expression or enhanced NMDAR tone through D-serine supplement. D-serine injection in Best1 knockout mice during initial learning rescues subsequent reversal learning.These findings indicate that NMDAR tone during initial learning is important for subsequent learning, and hippocampal NMDAR tone regulated by astrocytic BEST1 is critical for heterosynaptic long-term depression, metaplasticity, and cognitive flexibility.
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