Developmental biology and feeding dynamics of predatory bug, Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter (Miridae: Hemiptera) preying on Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Gelechiidae: Lepidoptera)

Abstract The South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta Meyrick, is a formidable threat to global tomato production, necessitating sustainable management solutions. Among potential predators, the mirid bug Nesidiocoris tenuis has emerged as a promising biocontrol agent. This study comprehensively assesses its developmental biology, reproductive potential and predatory efficiency under controlled conditions to evaluate its suitability for integrated pest management (IPM). Our findings reveal that access to T. absoluta as prey significantly enhanced the growth, survival and reproductive potential of N. tenuis . When fed on T. absoluta , the predator exhibited an extended nymphal development period (15.45 days) compared to tomato leaves alone (12.21 days) alongside improved survival rates. Notably, fecundity of predator increased remarkably, with females laying 68.5 eggs as compared to 45.5 eggs in the absence of prey. The one-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in predatory efficiency across the developmental stages of N. tenuis . The adult N. tenuis possesses a remarkable ability to suppress T. absoluta populations, consuming an average of 4.25 eggs. Predation efficiency declined as the stage of the prey progressed from egg to third instar larvae, with early-stage nymphs displaying limited predatory impact on T. absoluta larvae. These findings highlight the potential of N. tenuis as an effective, eco-friendly alternative to chemical pesticides in controlling T. absoluta , offering a sustainable pest management solution through its integration into IPM programs.