A case of chronic mucormycosis of the paranasal sinuses in the Perm region

OBJECTIVE: Study of a clinical case of chronic mucormycosis of the paranasal sinuses in the Perm region, analysis of publications on the topic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This article describes a clinical case of chronic mucormycosis of the paranasal sinuses, diagnosed in the otolaryngology department of the Perm Regional Clinical Hospital in 2021. An analysis of scientific papers on the topic of "chronic mucormycosis of the paranasal sinuses" was performed in the electronic search databases eLibrary and PubMed as of September 2025, using the keywords: chronic mucormycosis of the paranasal sinuses, chronic rhino-orbital mucormycosis, chronic rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (we used Russian and English languages). RESULTS: Chronic mucormycosis of the paranasal sinuses developed in a 68-year-old patient with insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus. The diagnosis of mycosis was established in the Department of otorhinolaryngology of the Perm Regional Clinical Hospital 6.5 months after the onset of complaints and was verified by pathohistological examination of intraoperative material from the left maxillary sinus. Treatment included left extranasal maxillary sinusotomy, antifungal therapy with posaconazole, and correction of glycemic levels. A search query in the eLibrary gave a negative result. Two reviews from 1996 and 2016, as well as case reports, were found in the PubMed database. Publications lack a classification of mucormycosis that identifies uniform time criteria for the chronic form; some indicate a duration of more than 4 weeks. The average disease duration worldwide is approximately 7 months. The causes of this chronic, sluggish course of the disease are not fully understood.