Lightweight and Superelastic Wood Carbon Sponges Enabled by Wood Cell Wall Reconfiguration

, temperature-insensitive superelasticity, and reliable cycling stability. Additionally, the incorporation of the lightweight, electrical conductivity, and superelasticity nature endows EWCS with remarkable versatility, enabling applications such as pressure sensor for monitoring human movement, tunable electromagnetic interference shielding, and efficient and recyclable oil-water separation. This strategy realizes the layer-wise reconfiguration of the solid wood cell structure, providing a new design route for engineering wood carbon sponges.