Advancing in vivo reprogramming with synthetic biology

Reprogramming cells will play a fundamental role in shaping the future of cell therapies by developing new strategies to engineer cells for improved performance and higher-order physiological functions. Approaches in synthetic biology harness cells' natural ability to sense diverse signals, integrate environmental inputs to make decisions, and execute complex behaviors based on the health of the organism or tissue. In this review, we highlight strategies in synthetic biology to reprogram cells, and discuss how recent approaches in the delivery of modified mRNA have created new opportunities to alter cell function in vivo. Finally, we discuss how combining concepts from synthetic biology and the delivery of mRNA in vivo could provide a platform for innovation to advance in vivo cellular reprogramming.