A Readily Synthesized All‐In‐One Nanowire Hydrogel: Toward Inhibiting Tumor Recurrence and Postoperative Infection

Abstract Surgical resection remains the frontline intervention for cancer; however, postoperative tumor recurrence and wound infection remain critical unmet challenge in surgical oncology. Herein, an all‐in‐one nanowired hydrogel (V‐Hydrogel) is developed through a facile one‐step assembly employing enzyme‐mimetic V 2 O 5 nanowires and bactericidal crosslinker THPS. The V‐Hydrogel reserves the glutathione peroxidase‐, peroxidase‐, catalase‐, and oxidase‐mimetic enzymatic activities derived from vanadium oxide nanowires, thereby exhibiting efficient tumor‐specific catalytic therapy. Simultaneously, the introduction of bactericide THPS endows the potent antibacterial capabilities of V‐Hydrogel against surgical site infections. This hydrogel exhibits dynamic mechanical adaptability to the tumor microenvironment (f), ensuring conformal coverage of irregular resection cavities for precise therapy. Additionally, the V‐Hydrogel can reprogram the immunosuppressive TME via polarizing macrophages into antitumor M1 phenotypes and recruiting cytotoxic T cells, thereby establishing systemic antitumor immunity. This multifunctional vanadium‐integrated hydrogel platform, designed based on the pathological characteristics of postoperative tumors, addresses key limitations in conventional postoperative therapies, offering a strategy for postoperative adjuvant tumor therapy.