A transcriptome profile of Wickerhamomyces anomalus incubated with chitosan revealed dynamic changes in gene expression and metabolic pathways

Previous studies have shown that Wickerhamomyces anomalus can control postharvest diseases of fruits and incubation of the yeast with chitosan can improve its efficiency. In this study, transcriptome study was conducted to determine molecular mechanisms involved in the yeast-chitosan interaction. The bioinformatics analysis of the RNA-seq data confirmed that incubating W. anomalus with 1 % chitosan for 24 h significantly altered the expression of differential genes involved in yeast metabolic and cellular activities. Genes involved in ethyl acetate production, reactive oxygen species regulation, cell wall reinforcement, stress resistance, and signalling were all significantly up-regulated. Pathways which have significant role in the yeast growth and reproduction, energy production, cellular homeostasis, signal transduction, catalytic, and antioxidant activities were significantly enriched. In general, incubation of the yeast with chitosan genes metabolic pathways which are important for the yeast survival, adaptation, and reproduction. Molecular studies are important in providing fundamental theoretical foundation for the practical application of antagonistic yeasts for future uses. As a result, this research will be an input for use of the antagonistic yeast as microbial or biochemical pesticides instead of synthetic chemicals which have both health and environmental effects.