The effect of music on fistula needle insertion‐related pain intensity and pain distress: A single‐centre, single‐blind, randomised controlled trial

Abstract Background Patients feel pain and distress when a needle is inserted into the fistula. This affects the comfort of patients. One of the nonpharmacological methods used to decrease pain and stress is music intervention. Objective This study was conducted to assess the effect of Turkish classical music in makams, which the patients preferred, via headphones on fistula needle insertion‐related pain intensity and pain distress. Design It was single‐blind randomised controlled study. Participants This study was conducted with 54 patients between March and June 2023. Measurements The patient data were collected through a patient information form, visual analogue scale and distress thermometer. The intervention group was played music for 10 min, starting 5 min before the needle was inserted into the fistula. The music intervention was made in accordance with the established music protocol. The control group received only routine treatment. Results Patients in the intervention group were found to have a significant decrease in fistula needle insertion‐related pain intensity and pain distress. Conclusion According to the results obtained from the research, music listening to patients is a reliable, effective and low‐cost way of a nursing intervention to reduce levels of fistula needle insertion‐related pain intensity and pain distress. Additionally, the results will provide evidence‐based guidance to dialysis nurses for pain and distress management.