Comparative Study of Surface Modification Techniques for Enhancing Biocompatibility of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy in Dental Implants

This study investigates the effects of various surface modification techniques on the Ti-6Al-4V alloy for biomedical applications. Mechanical treatments (sandblasting, shot peening) and electrochemical corrosion using different electrolytes were employed to modify surface characteristics. Surface morphology, roughness, hardness, and chemical composition were analyzed using SEM, profilometry, and Raman spectroscopy. Cell attachment studies revealed that combined treatments, particularly shot peening followed by HF/HNO3 etching, significantly enhanced cell adhesion and distribution. The results demonstrate the potential for tailoring Ti-6Al-4V surfaces to optimize biocompatibility and osseointegration properties for dental and orthopedic implants.