Mesoporous Carbon-Based Materials: A Review of Synthesis, Modification, and Applications

Mesoporous carbon materials have attracted both academic and industrial interests because of their outstanding physical and chemical properties, such as high surface area, large pore-volume, good thermostability, improved mass transport, and diffusion. Mesoporous carbon materials with various pore sizes and pore structures can be synthesized via different methods. Their unique properties have made them a suitable choice for various applications, such as energy-storage batteries, supercapacitors, biosensors, fuel cells, adsorption/separation of various molecules, catalysts/catalyst support, enzyme immobilization, and drug delivery, in different fields. This review covers the fabrication techniques of mesoporous carbon structures and their typical applications in various fields and features a brief introduction of the functionalization and modification of mesoporous carbons.