One‐Carbon Homologation and Homologation–Functionalization Reactions of Aldehydes

This chapter highlights the most popular methods employed for the one-carbon homologation of aldehydes (i.e. net methylene insertion). In addition, methods for the conversion of aldehydes into one-carbon homologated nitroalkanes, nitriles, carboxylic acids, amides, esters, primary alcohols, sulfones, and sulfonamides are described. Recent advances are featured along with mechanistic overviews, possible advantages and limitations of various methods, and representative applications in natural product synthesis and drug discovery, where applicable.