亲爱的研友该休息了!由于当前在线用户较少,发布求助请尽量完整的填写文献信息,科研通机器人24小时在线,伴您度过漫漫科研夜!身体可是革命的本钱,早点休息,好梦!

Autosis occurs in the liver of patients with severe anorexia nervosa

程序性细胞死亡 自噬 坏死性下垂 肝细胞 细胞凋亡 内质网 病理 生物 缺血 细胞生物学 内科学 内分泌学 医学 生物化学 体外
作者
Marouane Kheloufi,Chantal M. Boulanger,Patrice Codogno,Pierre–Emmanuel Rautou
出处
期刊:Hepatology [Wiley]
卷期号:62 (2): 657-658 被引量:32
标识
DOI:10.1002/hep.27597
摘要

Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. Financial Support: This work was supported by the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (DPC20111122979) and the Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR‐12‐EMMA‐0012‐03) To the Editor: We read with great interest the recent article by Liu et al., in which the authors identified a unique form of autophagic cell death, called autosis, in cultured cells and in the brain of rats with cerebral hypoxia‐ischemia lesions.1 This cell death is triggered by autophagy‐inducing peptides, hypoxia‐ischemia, and starvation and requires autophagy machinery. Autosis is genetically and biochemically distinct from apoptosis or necroptosis and is characterized by unique morphological features, including plasma membrane rupture.1 In 2008, we described a form of acute liver insufficiency associated with severe anorexia nersova (body mass index below 13 kg/m2). Despite very high serum transaminases levels suggesting hepatocyte injury, there was no significant hepatocyte necrosis on histology and very rare apoptotic cells (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling positive). Yet, electron microscopy analysis revealed that hepatocytes from these patients contained numerous autophagosomes. We also identified some hepatocytes with abnormal nuclei. Following the description of autosis by Liu et al., we reanalyzed ultrastructural features of the liver samples from the 4 patients previously reported.2 Interestingly, hepatocytes of these patients displayed morphological aspects typical of autosis (Fig. 1). In all 4 patients, we observed features of phase 1a autosis, including convoluted nucleus, moderately condensed chromatin, electron‐dense mitochondria, dilated endoplasmic reticulum, and numerous autophagosomes, autolysosomes, and empty vacuoles. Phase 1b morphological features were also present in all patients. Indeed, the perinuclear space of hepatocytes was swollen at discrete regions surrounding the inner nuclear membrane, and these swollen areas contained membrane‐bound regions with a density and granularity resembling the cytosol. However, we did not see phase 2 autosis features in our specimens. This could be owing to the fact that phase 2 is short‐lasting (15‐20 minutes), whereas phase 1 is more sustained (lasting a few hours). The probability of observing phase 2 features is thus low.Figure 1: Hepatocytes from patients with severe anorexia nervosa contain features typical of autosis. On the lower right panel, the low amount of material in the perinuclear space suggests that this cell may be in transition from phase Ib to phase 2. White arrows point to autophagic vacuoles, black arrows show dilated endoplasmic reticulum, and arrowheads indicate swollen perinuclear space. N, nucleus; M, mitochondria.Transaminases are intracellular enzymes mainly contained in hepatocytes. The fact that autosis is associated with plasma membrane permeability could account for the marked increase in serum transaminases we observed in our patients. Liu et al. found that cardiac glycosides (i.e., antagonists of Na+,K+‐ATPase) inhibited autotic cell death both in vitro and in vivo. Impaired cardiac function can occur in patients with severe anorexia nervosa and lead to heart failure.2 If autosis occurs not only in the liver, but also in the heart of these patients, we can speculate that cardiac glycosides might be particularly useful in this setting. In conclusion, our observation extends the findings by Liu et al. by demonstrating that autosis occurs in patients with a severe liver disease. This is the first observation of autosis in humans. Acknowledgment: The authors thank Adel Hammoutene and Alain Schmitt (Cochin electron microscopy core facility, Paris) for their help in electron microscopy analyses.
最长约 10秒,即可获得该文献文件

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
更新
大幅提高文件上传限制,最高150M (2024-4-1)

科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
Suchen完成签到 ,获得积分10
43秒前
58秒前
SimpleKwee发布了新的文献求助10
1分钟前
1分钟前
MXNCVDN完成签到 ,获得积分10
3分钟前
3分钟前
zhangfan完成签到,获得积分20
3分钟前
3分钟前
zuhangzhao发布了新的文献求助10
4分钟前
迅速的蜡烛完成签到 ,获得积分10
4分钟前
xmhxpz完成签到,获得积分10
5分钟前
俏皮的安萱完成签到 ,获得积分10
5分钟前
小白完成签到 ,获得积分10
5分钟前
阿巴完成签到 ,获得积分10
6分钟前
7分钟前
SimpleKwee发布了新的文献求助10
7分钟前
SimpleKwee完成签到,获得积分10
8分钟前
Lucas应助庾稀采纳,获得10
10分钟前
lunar完成签到 ,获得积分10
12分钟前
苯酚完成签到 ,获得积分10
13分钟前
zshjwk18完成签到,获得积分10
14分钟前
16分钟前
庾稀发布了新的文献求助10
16分钟前
黄花菜完成签到 ,获得积分10
16分钟前
fev123完成签到,获得积分10
17分钟前
JAJ完成签到 ,获得积分10
19分钟前
清秀的怀蕊完成签到 ,获得积分10
19分钟前
OCDer发布了新的文献求助500
20分钟前
今后应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
21分钟前
寻找土豆的灯完成签到 ,获得积分10
21分钟前
英姑应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
23分钟前
Larock完成签到 ,获得积分10
23分钟前
欣喜雪晴完成签到 ,获得积分10
25分钟前
席康完成签到 ,获得积分10
26分钟前
nianshu完成签到 ,获得积分10
27分钟前
Spring完成签到,获得积分10
31分钟前
传奇3应助guan采纳,获得10
31分钟前
32分钟前
缪静柏发布了新的文献求助10
32分钟前
幽默含莲完成签到,获得积分10
32分钟前
高分求助中
Un calendrier babylonien des travaux, des signes et des mois: Séries iqqur îpuš 1036
Sustainable Land Management: Strategies to Cope with the Marginalisation of Agriculture 1000
Corrosion and Oxygen Control 600
Python Programming for Linguistics and Digital Humanities: Applications for Text-Focused Fields 500
Heterocyclic Stilbene and Bibenzyl Derivatives in Liverworts: Distribution, Structures, Total Synthesis and Biological Activity 500
重庆市新能源汽车产业大数据招商指南(两链两图两池两库两平台两清单两报告) 400
Division and square root. Digit-recurrence algorithms and implementations 400
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 材料科学 医学 生物 有机化学 工程类 生物化学 纳米技术 物理 内科学 计算机科学 化学工程 复合材料 遗传学 基因 物理化学 催化作用 电极 光电子学 量子力学
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 2545741
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 2175669
关于积分的说明 5600211
捐赠科研通 1896371
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 946268
版权声明 565379
科研通“疑难数据库(出版商)”最低求助积分说明 503557