Advances in prevention and treatment of bone cement pulmonary embolism in patients with vertebral augmentation

The efficacy of vertebroplasty and percutaneous kyphoplasty in treatment of osteoporotic compression fracture was widely recognized recently. But the complication of bone cement pulmonary embolism was severe and it can threaten life. In this article, the incidence, pathogenesy, risk factors, symptom, auxiliary examination, treatment and prevention of bone cement pulmonary embolism were reviewed. Key words: Osteoporotic fractures; Intraoperative complications; Pulmonary embolism; Bone cement; Review