Objective To investigate the sleep quality of the inpatients after the cholecystectomy. Methods The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was administrated to 85 inpatients after the cholecystectomy. Results The mean of PSQI score of the 85 inpatients is 6.22±2.37,the score beyond 7 was 67 inpatients among them,a significant increase in ratio of PSQI score7 in our group of Laparoscopic cholecystectomy compared to those of civil resident which was 15~30% (P0.01). Sleep disturbance and daytime dysfunction and subjective sleep quality are the main problems of sleep quality in LC. The influence factors of sleep quality are feeling pain,and easily or early to awaken,and feeling hot. Conclusion The characteristic of sleep quality of the inpatients after the Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is different to the open cholecystectomy and the civil people.