湿地
环境科学
城市化
土地退化
环境退化
生态系统
海湾
降级(电信)
环境资源管理
生态系统服务
土地利用
环境保护
自然地理学
遥感
地理
生态学
计算机科学
生物
电信
考古
作者
Tangao Hu,Jiahong Liu,Gang Zheng,Dengrong Zhang,Kangning Huang
摘要
Abstract In recent decades, rapid urbanization and climate change have led to the degradation of many coastal wetlands, impairing their ecosystem functions and services. However, few studies have analyzed how these historical degradation trends will continue into the future, especially in rapidly developing regions. Here, we quantified the long‐term wetland degradation from 1984 to 2016 in Hangzhou Bay and then developed land use simulation models to predict the spatial locations of wetland degradation to 2046 under different scenarios. Key findings include the following: (a) there was a statistically significant decreasing trend for the natural wetlands of ~10 km 2 yr −1 on average from 1984 to 2016; (b) after the establishment of an economic development zone in 2001, the degradation rate more than quadrupled, accelerating from ~4 to ~18 km 2 yr −1 ; and (c) if the high degradation rate continues (the economic development scenario), then the coastline will move approximately 5.89 km inland, significantly undermining the protections against sea level rise. In contrast, in the wetland protection scenarios, the projected degradation could be mitigated by ~20%. The proposed framework to reveal the key historical drivers of degradation and potential future protection strategies of wetlands provides much needed insights and tools for protection of other coastal wetlands undergoing rapid development.
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