化学
电解质
阳极
锌
法拉第效率
剥离(纤维)
金属
电镀(地质)
无机化学
水溶液中的金属离子
离子电导率
化学工程
电极
有机化学
材料科学
复合材料
物理化学
工程类
地质学
地球物理学
作者
Xiaofeng He,Yanglansen Cui,Yongchao Qian,Yadong Wu,Haoyang Ling,Huanrong Zhang,Xiangyu Kong,Yong Zhao,Mianqi Xue,Lei Jiang,Liping Wen
摘要
Coulombic efficiency (CE) and cycle life of metal anodes (lithium, sodium, zinc) are limited by dendritic growth and side reactions in rechargeable metal batteries. Here, we proposed a concept for constructing an anion concentration gradient (ACG)-assisted solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) for ultrahigh ionic conductivity on metal anodes, in which the SEI layer is fabricated through an in situ chemical reaction of the sulfonic acid polymer and zinc (Zn) metal. Owing to the driving force of the sulfonate concentration gradient and high bulky sulfonate concentration, a promoted Zn2+ ionic conductivity and inhibited anion diffusion in the SEI layer are realized, resulting in a significant suppression of dendrite growth and side reaction. The presence of ACG-SEI on the Zn metal enables stable Zn plating/stripping over 2000 h at a high current density of 20 mA cm-2 and a capacity of 5 mAh cm-2 in Zn/Zn symmetric cells, and moreover an improved cycling stability is also observed in Zn/MnO2 full cells and Zn/AC supercapacitors. The SEI layer containing anion concentration gradients for stable cycling of a metal anode sheds a new light on the fundamental understanding of cation plating/stripping on metal electrodes and technical advances of rechargeable metal batteries with remarkable performance under practical conditions.
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